What is a foreign financial institution?

A foreign financial institution is:

(1) a non-U.S. bank;

(2) any branch or office located outside the United States of a broker-dealer; futures commission merchant or introducing broker; or open-end mutual fund company;

(3) any other person organized under foreign law (other than a branch or office of such person in the United States) that, if it were located in the United States, would be a broker-dealer; futures commission merchant, or introducing broker; or open-end mutual fund company; and

(4) any person organized under foreign law (other than a branch or office of such person in the United States) that is engaged in the business of and is readily identifiable as (a) a currency dealer or exchanger; or (b) a money transmitter.